本书注重理论与实际相结合，吸收有经验网络企业工程师参与教材审订与编写，删除部分陈旧的内
容，将WindowsServer2003升级到WindowsServer2008，增加无线网络技术、交换机与路由器的理论及实训、IPv6地址结构等内容。对网络常用设备的讲解更为细致、详尽，对网络应用的实训更有针对性和可操作性，突出了网络技术在实际中的应用。
全书共分四个学习情境包括13个教学项目和17个拓展实训项目。主要内容包括：组建双机互连的对等网络、组建办公室对等网络、组建家庭无线局域网、划分IP地址与子网、配置交换机与组建虚拟局域网、局域网互连、使用常用网络命令、规划与安装WindowsServer2008网络操作系统、管理用户和组、管理文件系统与共享资源、配置WindowsServer2008网络服务、接入Internet和配置与管理VPN服务器等内容。本书适合作为计算机专业、电子商务专业、物流专业及其他相关专业的网络、网络技术与应用等课程的教材，也可作为广大网络管理人员及技术人员学习网络知识的参考书。

第三版前言
一、编写背景

《计算机网络技术与实训（第二版）》出版以来，得到了兄弟院校师生的厚爱，已经重印
4次。
为了适应计算机网络的发展和高职高专教材改革的需要，我们对本书第二版进行了修订，吸收有
实践经验的网络企业工程师、教学名师参与教材和大纲的审订与编写，改写或重写了核心内容，
删除部分陈旧的内容，增加了部分新技术。

二、修订内容

第三版主要修订的内容有：


1. 体例上有所创新
“教学做一体”的创新编写模式。修订教材按照“项目导入”
→“职业能力目标和要求”
→“相
关知识”→“项目设计与准备”
→“项目实施”
→“练习题”→“项目实训”→“拓展提升”梯
次进行组织。将教材内容归整为四个学习情境，即构建小型对等网络、构建中型网络、组建
Windows
Server 2008网络、实现网络互连与网络安全。


2. 内容上更注重实用
（1）学习情境一构建小型对等网络，包括
3个项目。这
3个项目整合原教材的“第
1章计
算机网络概论”“第
2章数据通信基础”“第
3章网络体系结构”“第
5章局域网组网技术”
和“第
8章局域网组建”等内容。
（2）学习情境二构建中型网络，包括
4个项目。这
4个项目整合原教材的“第
4章 TCP/IP
协议和
IP地址”“第
6章交换与虚拟局域网”和“第
7章子网划分与路由选择”等内容。
（3）学习情境三利用
Windows Server 2008网络服务器组网，包括
4个项目。这
4个项目整
合原教材的“第
9章 Windows Server 2003规划与安装”“第
10章活动目录与用户管理”“第
11章资源共享与文件系统管理”和“第
12章 Windows Server 2003网络服务”等内容。
（4）学习情境四实现网络互连与网络安全，包括
2个项目。这
2个项目整合原教材的“第
13章接入
Internet”等内容。
三、本书特点

本书共包含
13个教学项目和
18个实训项目，最大的特色是“易教易学”。主要特点如下：

（1）将“教材”“项目案例”“工程实践”对接，有机融合项目式教学。全书采用“项目导向、
任务驱动”的编写方式，通过工程实例的学习增强读者对知识点和技能点的掌握。
（2）强调实践教学。本教材设计有
18个实训项目，每个实训项目包括实训目的、实训内容、
实训环境要求、实训拓扑、实训步骤、实训思考题、实训报告要求等部分。每个实训项目就是一
个知识和技能的综合训练题。
（3）教材编写团队整体水平高，行业专家、教学名师跨地区跨学校联合编写教材。教材编写
团队是山东省级教学团队，所在专业是山东省特色专业和教学示范建设专业。主编杨云教授是省

级教学名师，主编杨欣斌教授是深圳信息职业技术学院的国家级教学名师，编写队伍中既有长期
工作于教育一线、富有教学经验的教学名师，又有来自行业企业的认证讲师。教材的内容不仅考
虑到教学的角度，还充分渗透了应用的需求。

（4）教材面向专业广，受益学生多。计算机网络基础不仅是计算机应用和计算机网络技术专
业学生掌握的核心技能，同时也是计算机、通信、传媒等相关专业必须具备的关键能力之一，教
材面向专业广，受益学生多。

四、教学大纲

参考学时64学时，其中实践环节为 34学时，各项目的参考学时参见下面的学时分配表。

章节 课程内容
学时分配
讲授 实训
项目1 组建双机互连的对等网络
2 2
项目2 组建办公室对等网络
2 2
项目3 组建家庭无线局域网
2 2
项目4 划分IP地址与子网
2 2
项目5 配置交换机与组建虚拟局域网
2 4
项目6 局域网互连
2 4
项目7 使用常用网络命令
2 2
项目8 规划与安装
Windows Server 2008网络操作系统
2 2
项目9 管理用户和组
2 2
项目10管理文件系统与共享资源
2 2
项目11配置Windows Server 2008网络服务
6 6
项目12接入Internet 2 2
项目13配置与管理
VPN服务器
2 2
课时总计 30 34

五、其他

本书是教学名师、微软工程师和骨干教师共同策划编写的一本工学结合教材。由杨云、杨欣
斌担任主编，邹汪平、金月光、刘荷花、卢晓丽担任副主编。其中杨云编写项目 1～3，金月光编
写项目 4，邹汪平编写项目 5～8，刘荷花编写项目 9～10，卢晓丽编写项目 11～13。全书由杨欣
斌统稿。李明生、张晖、徐莉、平寒、马立新、王亚东、范友华、程琳、李宪伟等也参加了编写。
作者E-mail：yangyun90@163.com，Windows & Linux教师交流群：189934741。

杨云
2014年
5月于泉城

目 录CONTENTS
学习情境一

项目1 组建双机互连的对等网络 ······· 2
1.1
项目导入 ········································· 2
1.2
职业能力目标和要求 ······················ 2
1.3
相关知识 ········································· 2
1.3.1计算机网络的发展历史 ··········· 2
1.3.2计算机网络的功能 ·················· 4
1.3.3计算机网络的定义和组成 ······· 4
1.3.4计算机网络的组成 ·················· 4
1.3.5计算机网络的类型 ·················· 7
1.3.6计算机网络体系结构
··············· 8
1.4 项目设计与准备 ···························· 15
1.5
项目实施 ········································ 15
任务
1-1 制作直通双绞线并
测试 ·································· 15
任务
1-2 双机互连对等网络的
组建 ·································· 18

1.6
练习题 ············································ 20
1.7
项目实训 ········································ 22
项目实训
1 制作双机互连的
双绞线 ··························· 22

1.8 拓展提升：数据通信基础 ············· 22
1.8.1数据通信系统 ························· 22
1.8.2数据通信系统模型 ················· 23
1.8.3数据通信方式 ························· 24
项目2组建办公室对等网络 ··············· 27
2.1 项目导入 ········································ 27
2.2 职业能力目标和要求 ····················· 27
2.3 相关知识 ········································ 27
2.3.1网络拓扑结构 ························· 27
2.3.2局域网常用连接设备
·············· 29
2.3.3
局域网的参考模型 ················· 30
2.3.4
IEEE 802标准 ························· 31
2.3.5
局域网介质访问控制
方式 ········································· 32
2.3.6
以太网技术 ····························· 33
2.3.7
快速以太网 ····························· 35
2.4
项目设计与准备 ···························· 36
构建小型对等网络

2.5
项目实施········································ 36
任务
2-1 小型共享式对等网的
组建 ·································· 36
任务
2-2 小型交换式对等网的
组建 ·································· 42

2.6
练习题············································ 42
2.7
项目实训········································ 43
项目实训
2 组建小型交换式
对等网 ·························· 43

2.8
拓展提升：千兆以太网和万兆
以太网············································ 44
2.8.1
千兆以太网 ····························· 44
2.8.2
万兆以太网 ····························· 44
项目3组建家庭无线局域网 ··············· 46
3.1
项目导入········································ 46
3.2
职业能力目标和要求 ···················· 46
3.3
相关知识········································ 46
3.3.1
无线局域网基础 ····················· 46
3.3.2
无线局域网标准 ····················· 47
3.3.3
无线网络接入设备 ················· 48
3.3.4
无线局域网的配置方式 ········· 49
3.4
项目设计与准备 ···························· 50
3.5
项目实施········································ 51
任务
3-1 组建
Ad-Hoc模式无线
对等网 ······························ 51
任务
3-2 组建
Infrastructure模式
无线局域网······················· 54

3.6
练习题············································ 59
3.7
项目实训········································ 61
项目实训
3 组建
Ad-Hoc模式
无线对等网··················· 61
项目实训
4 组建
Infrastructure模式
无线局域网···················· 61

3.8
拓展提升：
4G技术标准··············· 62
3.8.1
发展进程································· 62
3.8.2
4G核心技术 ··························· 63

项目4 划分IP地址与子网 ················· 66 项目6 局域网互连 ······························112
计算机网络技术与实训（第三版）

4.1 项目导入 ········································ 66
4.2 职业能力目标和要求 ····················· 66
4.3 相关知识 ········································ 66
4.3.1
IP地址 ···································· 66
4.3.2
IP数据报 ································· 69
4.3.3
划分子网 ································· 70
4.3.4
IPv6 ········································· 73
4.4 项目设计与准备 ···························· 76
4.5
项目实施 ········································ 77
任务
4-1 IP地址与子网划分 ·········· 77
任务
4-2 IPv6协议的使用 ·············· 78
4.6 练习题 ············································ 81
2
4.7 项目实训 ········································ 82
项目实训
5 划分子网及应用 ··········· 82
4.8 拓展提升：组播技术 ····················· 84
项目5配置交换机与组建虚拟
局域网 ······································ 86
5.1 项目导入 ········································ 86
5.2 职业能力目标和要求 ····················· 86
5.3 相关知识 ········································ 86
5.3.1
交换式以太网的提出
·············· 86
5.3.2
以太网交换机的
工作过程·································· 87
5.3.3
交换机的管理与基本配置 ······ 89
5.3.4
虚拟局域网 ····························· 92
5.3.5
Trunk技术······························· 95
5.4 项目设计与准备 ···························· 95
5.5
项目实施 ········································ 96
任务
5-1 配置交换机
C2950 ··········· 96
任务
5-2 单交换机上的
VLAN
划分 ································· 100
任务
5-3 多交换机上的
VLAN
划分 ································· 102

5.6 练习题 ··········································· 104
5.7
项目实训 ······································· 105
项目实训
6 交换机的了解与
基本配置 ······················ 105
项目实训
7 VLAN Trunking和
VLAN
配置 ······························· 108

5.8 拓展提升：
VLAN中继协议········111
学习情境二构建中型网络

6.1 项目导入······································· 112
6.2 职业能力目标和要求 ··················· 112
6.3 相关知识······································· 112
6.3.1
路由概述································ 112
6.3.2
route命令······························· 113
6.3.3
距离向量算法与路由信息
协议（RIP） ·························· 114
6.3.4
OSPF协议与链路状态算法······ 117
6.3.5
路由器概述 ···························· 118
6.4 项目设计与准备 ··························· 120
6.5
项目实施······································· 121
任务
6-1 配置路由器 ····················· 121
任务
6-2 配置局域网间的路由 ····· 123
6.6 练习题··········································· 125
6.7
项目实训······································· 126
项目实训
8 路由器的启动和
初始化配置 ················· 126
项目实训
9 静态路由与默认
路由配置 ····················· 128

6.8 拓展提升：路由器命令使用········ 130
6.8.1
路由器的连接方式 ················ 130
6.8.2
路由器的命令行界面 ············ 130
6.8.3
常见路由器命令 ···················· 131
项目7使用常用网络命令 ·················· 133
7.1 项目导入······································· 133
7.2 职业能力目标和要求 ··················· 133
7.3 相关知识······································· 133
7.3.1
TCP ········································ 133
7.3.2
UDP ········································ 136
7.3.3
ICMP ······································ 138
7.3.4
ARP和
RARP ························ 138
7.4 项目设计与准备 ··························· 139
7.5
项目实施······································· 140
任务
7-1 ping命令的使用 ············· 140
任务
7-2 ipconfig命令的使用 ······· 142
任务
7-3 arp命令的使用 ··············· 142
任务
7-4 tracert命令的使用 ·········· 143
任务
7-5 netstat命令的使用·········· 144
7.6 练习题··········································· 145
7.7 项目实训······································· 146

项目实训
10使用常用的网络7.8 拓展提升：无类别域间路由········ 149
命令 ··························· 146

学习情境三组建
Windows Server 2008网络

项目8规划与安装Windows Server
2008网络操作系统 ················ 152
8.1
项目导入 ······································· 152
8.2
职业能力目标和要求
···················· 152
8.3
相关知识 ······································· 152
8.3.1
Windows Server 2008
新特性 ···································· 152
8.3.2
Windows Server 2008版本 ···· 153
8.3.3
Windows Server 2008
的安装方式 ····························· 154
8.4
项目设计及准备 ··························· 156
8.4.1
项目设计 ································ 156
8.4.2
项目准备 ································ 156
8.5
项目实施 ······································· 157
任务
8-1 使用光盘安装
Windows
Server 2008 ······················ 157
任务
8-2 配置
Windows Server
2008 ································· 160
任务
8-3 添加与管理角色 ············· 168

8.6
练习题 ··········································· 172
8.7
项目实训 ······································· 174
项目实训
11安装与基本配置
Windows
Server 2008 ················· 174

8.8
拓展提升：
Hyper-V
服务器 ·········································· 176
项目9管理用户和组 ·························· 179
9.1
项目导入 ······································· 179
9.2
职业能力目标和要求
···················· 179
9.3
相关知识 ······································· 179
9.3.1
用户账户概述 ························ 179
9.3.2
用户账户类型 ························ 180
9.3.3
组的概念 ································ 181
9.3.4
组的类型和作用域 ················ 181
9.4
项目设计及准备 ··························· 182
9.5
项目实施 ······································· 183
任务
9-1 创建与管理本地
用户账户 ························· 183
任务
9-2 设置本地用户账户属性 ···· 186
任务
9-3 使用命令行创建用户 ······ 189

任务
9-4
创建与管理本地组
账户 ································ 189

9.6
练习题··········································· 190
9.7
项目实训······································· 191
项目实训
12管理用户和组 ··········· 191
9.8
拓展提升：用户配置文件 ··········· 192
项目10管理文件系统与共享资源 ······· 194
10.1
项目导入····································· 194
10.2
职业能力目标和要求 ················· 194
10.3
相关知识····································· 194
10.3.1 FAT文件系统 ······················ 194
10.3.2 NTFS文件系统 ··················· 195
10.4
项目设计及准备 ························· 196
10.5
项目实施····································· 197
任务
10-1 设置资源共享 ··············· 197
任务
10-2 访问网络共享资源 ······· 198
任务
10-3 认识
NTFS权限············ 199
任务
10-4 继承与阻止
NTFS
权限 ······························· 202
任务
10-5 复制和移动文件和
文件夹 ··························· 203
任务
10-6 利用
NTFS权限
管理数据 ······················· 204

10.6
练习题········································· 206
10.7
项目实训····································· 207
项目实训
13管理文件系统与
共享资源··················· 207

10.8
拓展提升：使用卷影副本
·········· 208
项目11配置Windows Server
2008网络服务 ······················ 210
11.1项目导入 ····································· 210
11.2职业能力目标和要求 ················· 210
11.3相关知识：配置与管理
DHCP
服务器 ········································ 210

任务
11-1 认识
DHCP服务··········· 210
任务
11-2 部署
DHCP服务器
项目环境 ······················· 212
任务
11-3 安装
DHCP服务器
角色 ······························· 212

目录


计算机网络技术与实训（第三版）

学习情境四实现网络互连与网络安全

任务
11-4
任务
11-5
任务
11-6
任务
11-7

11.4
配置与管理
DNS服务器 ············ 218
任务
11-8 认识
DNS服务 ·············· 218
任务
11-9 部署
DNS服务器的
需求和环境···················· 221
任务
11-10安装
DNS服务器
角色 ······························ 222
任务
11-11停止和启动
DNS
服务 ····························· 223
任务
11-12部署主
DNS服务器的
DNS区域 ···················· 224
4任务
11-13配置
DNS客户端并测
试主
DNS服务器 ········ 228

11.5
配置与管理
Web服务器 ············· 231
项目12接入Internet ························· 250
12.1
项目导入 ····································· 250
12.2
职业能力目标和要求 ·················· 250
12.3
相关知识 ····································· 250
12.3.1 Internet接入方式简介 ········· 250
12.3.2 NAT的工作过程 ·················· 251
12.4
项目设计与准备 ························· 252
12.5
项目实施 ····································· 253
任务
12-1 安装“路由和远程访问
服务”角色服务 ············ 253
任务
12-2 配置并启用
NAT
服务 ································ 254
任务
12-3 停止
NAT服务 ·············· 255
任务
12-4 禁用
NAT服务 ·············· 255
任务
12-5 NAT客户端计算机

配置和测试···················· 255

12.6
练习题 ········································· 256
12.7
项目实训 ····································· 257
项目实训
17配置与管理
NAT服务器 ··············· 257

12.8
拓展提升：外部网络主机访问内
部
Web服务器 ···························· 257
项目13配置与管理VPN服务器 ······· 260
13.1
项目导入 ····································· 260
创建
DHCP作用域 ······· 215
保留特定的
IP地址 ········ 216
配置
DHCP选项 ··········· 216
配置
DHCP客户端和
测试 ································ 217

任务
11-14

任务
11-15

任务
11-16
任务
11-17
任务
11-18

11.6
练习题
11.7
项目实训 ····································· 242
项目实训
14配置与管理
DHCP
服务器 ······················· 242
项目实训
15配置与管理
DNS
服务器 ······················· 243
项目实训
16配置与管理
Web
服务器 ······················· 244

11.8
拓展提升管理
Web网站的
安全 ························· 244
13.2
职业能力目标和要求 ················· 260
13.3
相关知识：认识
VPN ················ 260
13.4
项目设计与准备 ························· 262
13.5
项目实施····································· 263
任务
13-1 为
VPN服务器添加
第二块网卡 ··················· 263
任务
13-2 安装“路由和远程
访问服务”角色············ 263
任务
13-3 配置并启用
VPN服务····· 263
任务
13-4 停止和启动
VPN服务····· 266
任务
13-5 配置域用户账户允许

VPN连接······················· 267
任务
13-6 在
VPN端建立并测试
VPN连接······················· 268
任务
13-7 验证
VPN连接 ············· 270

13.6
练习题········································· 272
13.7
项目实训····································· 273
项目实训
18配置与管理
VPN
服务器 ······················· 273

13.8 拓展提升：配置
VPN服务器的
网络策略 ····································· 273

任务
13-8 认识网络策略 ··············· 273

任务
13-9 配置网络策略 ··············· 274

参考文献 ··················································· 278

部署架设
Web服务器
的需求和环境 ············· 231
安装
Web服务器（IIS）
角色 ···························· 231
创建
Web网站 ············ 233

管理
Web网站的目录···· 235
架设多个
Web网站 ···· 236
········································· 239

主要著译者顺序姓名学历职称学科专长通讯地址1 杨云硕士教授 计算机工作单位山东职业技术学院 邮政编码 电话 2杨欣斌 博士 教授计算机 工作单位深圳信息职业技术学院 邮政编码 电话 3 工作单位 邮政编码 电话 审校者（主审者） 学历 工作单位 邮政编码 电话 职称 工作单位 邮政编码 电话 杨云，山东职业技术学院信息工程系副主任，教授，著有linux 操作系统与实训、计算机网络技术与实训等十多种图书，同时也是linux 操作系统与实训国家级精品课程负责人。杨欣斌，深圳信息职业技术学院 教授，网络工程系主任，教授。负责国家多个自然科学基金项目。是省级精品该课程“网络综合布线”的课程负责人。